Regenerants
for ion exchange units
Introduction
The following table shows usual (in blue) and unusual regenerant chemicals with their use.
| Chemical | Formula | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Ammonia | NH3 | WBA only. |
| Ammonium chloride | NH4Cl | SAC Softening. |
| Calcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)2 | WBA (Esmil process). |
| Carbon dioxide | CO2 | Methacrylic WAC only (Carix process). |
| Caustic soda | NaOH | Demineralisation anions. |
| Citric acid | C6H8O7 | WAC only. |
| Hydrochloric acid | HCl | Demineralisation cations, dealkalisation. |
| Magnesium chloride | MgCl2 | SAC (Quentin process in the sugar industry). |
| Nitric acid | HNO3 | Demin cations. Hazardous! |
| Oxalic acid | C2H2O4 | Demineralisation cations. |
| Potassium chloride | KCl | SAC Softening. |
| Potassium hydroxide | KOH | Demin anions. |
| Sodium carbonate | Na2CO3 | WBA only. |
| Sodium chloride | NaCl | SAC softening, SBA nitrate, scavenger etc. |
| Sulphuric acid | H2SO4 | Demineralisation cations. |
See the general regeneration page.
